Economics by unknow

Author:unknow
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Economics
Publisher: New York, The Macmillan company
Published: 1908-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

missioners are appointed by the President of the United States with the consent of the Senate. They are required by law to devote all their time and energies to the duties of their office and serve for a term of six years at a salary of

$7500-

This Commission was given power to make investigations,

to go over the books and papers of a carrier, and to compel testimony. Any investigation may be started upon the complaint of a shipper seeking redress for damages or at the will of the Commission itself. If the Commission decides that the law is being violated, it may order the carrier to stop its illegal practices and award damages to those who have suffered because of the said violations.

These orders of the Commission are not binding, should the carrier against whom they are made care to disregard them. The only course then open to the Commission is to appeal to the United States Circuit Court to enforce the order of the Commission. Many times these United States Courts have failed to sustain the Commission because of the policy of many railroads in the past of withholding important evidence when being investigated by the Commission. This new evidence so withheld often put the situation in a new light, and the Court would render a decision contrary to that of the Commission. The purpose was clearly a desire to undermine the authority of the Commission.

The original law has been criticised for trying to stop discriminations and yet insisting that competition shall continue by forbidding pooling. It has now become generally recognized that the cause lying back of all forms of discrimination is competition, and that it was unwise to prohibit "pooling," the only possible escape from competition except that of combination. Furthermore, the Sherman Anti-Trust Law of 1890 has been interpreted so as to make not only pooling illegal but also traffic associations. Many experts of the railway problem feel that legal restrictions of this nature are most unwise.

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